An IPv4 address is a 32-bit number made of four 8-bit groups (octets).
The four dot-separated numbers in 192.168.0.1 are each an 8-bit octet (0-255). Together the four octets form one 32-bit address.
Expand each octet to eight binary digits to reveal the address's bit structure. For example, 192 = 11000000.
Use this tool to convert a decimal octet to binary.
A subnet mask (e.g. 255.255.255.0) sets the bit boundary between the network part and the host part. /24 means the first 24 bits are the network.